Introduction to Pashupatinath Temple
The Pashupatinath Temple holds deep spiritual significance and is one of the most revered Hindu temples, particularly among followers of Lord Shiva. Located on the banks of the Bagmati River in Kathmandu, this temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, who is worshipped here as “Pashupati,” meaning the Lord of all living beings. This ancient temple holds deep religious and cultural values for Hindus, especially for followers of Lord Shiva.
The temple is believed to have been built centuries ago and has stood as a spiritual centre for generations. The Pashupatinath temple is renowned for its pagoda-style architecture, featuring a stunning gold-plated roof and intricately carved wooden doors, making it not only a place of worship but also a testament to the ancient style of architecture. During the time of Maha Shivaratri, this temple is known to hold great spiritual power, attracting thousands of pilgrims every year.
Pashupatinath is not just a temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, but a peaceful yet powerful place where people come to connect with faith, seek blessings, and witness timeless rituals along the sacred riverbanks.
Major highlights of Pashupatinath Temple
- Get a chance to witness the spiritual temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, also known as Pashupatinath Temple.
- Visit one of the seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the Kathmandu Valley.
- Pashupatinath, a revered pilgrimage site for Hindus, especially during Maha Shivaratri, attracts thousands of devotees from India.
- The temple features the ancient architecture, pagoda style, featuring tiered golden roofs, four silver-plated doors, and richly carved wooden rafters.
- Located on the banks of the Bagmati River, the river is considered sacred, and the ghats, used for cremation rituals and sacred baths.
- Home of sadhus, where daily aarti takes place in the evenings on the riverbanks, drawing locals and tourists alike.
- A sacred temple, where only Hindus are allowed inside the main temple, whereas non-Hindus can explore the outer temple and observe rituals from across the river.
Pashupatinath Temple - Where History, Myth, and Devotion Meet
Pashupatinath Temple is believed to be one of the oldest Hindu temples in Nepal, as the temple was built in the 5th century AD by King Parachanda Deva, a Licchavi ruler. However, as per the locals, the site originated itself, which was a sacred place for worship before 400 BC. Over the centuries, the temple has been rebuilt and renovated several times due to natural decay and damage.
The main temple stands tall with a two-tiered golden roof, wooden carvings, and silver-glided doors. The current structure reflects the influence of the Rana era (1846-1950 AD), a time when powerful Rana prime ministers ruled Nepal. The entrance of this temple includes a Lord Shiva painting, which was built later under King Mahendra, a major figure in modern Nepalese history.
The main temple includes a unique four-faced Shiva linga, with a fifth face on the top, representing different aspects of Shiva, the four Vedas, and the four sacred pilgrimage sites of Hinduism.
Only priests from South India, known as Bhatta, are allowed to touch the Shiva linga, along with being assisted by local helpers called Bhandaris, whose families have served the temple for generations. The temple includes more than 3,200 statues of various gods and goddesses, where some temples and statues date back to the Licchavi period (5th-8th century) and the Malla period (12th-18th century).
One of the most sacred lingas here, the Virateshwor Shiva Linga, was built between the 7th and 8th centuries and is located near Rajeshowri Ghat, one of the six major cremation ghats in the area. Pashupatinath is not just a religious site, but a living piece of Nepal’s history and heritage. Pashupatinath Temple was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, recognised for its long-standing spiritual significance and traditional architecture.
Throughout the year, the temple is filled with worshippers, especially during Maha Shivatari, one of the biggest festivals in the Hindu calendar. People believe that just visiting Pashupatinath can wash away all the negative karmas.
Cultural Significance of Pashupatinath Temple
Pashupatinath is not just a place to worship, but a crucial part of Nepal’s cultural identity. For centuries, the temple has been a centre for Hindu rituals, art, music, and festivals. The temple plays an important role in the lives of many people, not only in Nepal but also across the Hindu world. Every day, religious ceremonies take place at the temple, from early morning prayers to evening aartis by the Bagmati River.
During major festivals like Maha Shivaratri, thousands of pilgrims and sadhus gather here, turning the temple grounds into a vibrant spiritual hub. The temple is known for its unique art, architecture, carvings, statues, and centuries-old shrines reflecting Nepal’s rich traditions and craftsmanship. Even during the cremation rituals performed along the river carry deep cultural meaning, symbolising the cycle of life and death. For many, Pashupatinath is not just a historical place, but a living culture, and a spiritual place to seek blessings from the divine energy.
Best Time to Visit Pashupatinath Temple
Pashupatinath Temple is best visited during October to March, when the weather in Kathmandu is cool, dry, and pleasant, to explore the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. During this time, you are offered clear skies, fresh air, and a peaceful atmosphere, perfect for exploring the temple and observing rituals along the Bagmati River. The early mornings are especially calm and spiritual, with priests performing daily prayers and devotees offering their respects to Lord Shiva.
For a truly unique cultural experience, visiting during Maha Shivaratri, which falls in February or March, is unforgettable. This major Hindu festival draws thousands of pilgrims, sadhus, and tourists from Nepal and India, creating a vibrant and deeply spiritual environment around the temple. However, the temple remains very crowded during this time, so visitors should be prepared for long lines and a busy setting. Monsoon months from June to August are less ideal due to heavy rainfall, slippery paths, and high humidity, making travel less comfortable.
When does the evening aarati happen at Pashupatinath Temple?
The evening aarti at the Pashupatinath Temple usually begins around 6:00 PM, just after sunset. This sacred ritual takes place on the banks of the Bagmati River, near the western side of the temple, where devotees gather, priests dressed in traditional attire perform the ceremony, chanting mantras, and playing traditional music in the background.
The atmosphere becomes vibrant and deeply spiritual, with the sound of bells, conch shells, and mantras. Visitors from different places come to witness this powerful moment, symbolising the offering of light and devotion to Lord Shiva. The aarti is a peaceful yet energetic experience that draws not only the faithful but also curious travellers seeking a glimpse into Nepal’s rich spiritual traditions. Arriving at least 15-20 minutes early to witness the aarti is recommended to find a good spot and fully immerse in the ambience of this daily ritual.
Is there any entrance fee to visit Pashupatinath Temple, especially for tourists?
Yes, there is an entrance fee for international visitors to the Pashupatinath Temple. While Nepalese citizens can enter for free, international tourists are required to pay approximately NPR 1,000 per person. This fee allows access to the outer temple area, various shrines, and the banks of the Bagmati River, where many of the daily rituals and ceremonies take place.
However, entry to the main inner sanctum is only allowed for Hindus. Even so, visitors can still witness the temple’s spiritual atmosphere, observe traditional Hindu rituals, and explore the historic architecture. It is a good idea to carry cash, as ticket counters usually don’t accept credit or debit cards. The ticket can be purchased at the main entrance.
Conclusion
Pashupatinath Temple stands as a powerful symbol of Nepal’s spiritual and cultural identity. With its sacred atmosphere, daily rituals, rich history, and architectural beauty, this temple offers a meaningful experience to both devotees and curious travellers. Whether attending the evening aarti, exploring the temple, or simply observing the life along the Bagmati River, it offers a lasting impression. Respect for local customs and traditions is essential, especially since some areas are restricted to Hindus. Overall, Pashupatinath is not just a religious site, but a place where faith, history, and culture come together in a deeply moving way.
